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THE FUTURE NEEDS A TRACE

On memory, verification, and Marion Stokes’ radical archive of television

Perhaps the archive has never been so necessary. Not because we are nostalgic for the past, but because the present has become fragile. For a long time, the image functioned as a form of confirmation. A photograph, a video, a recording, a voice were perceived as evidence. Not necessarily absolute truths, but traces sufficient to say: something happened, someone was there, a sentence was spoken, a gesture was made. Today, that relationship has broken down.

We constantly see images, screenshots, statements, fragments, news. And yet their mere presence is no longer enough to make them credible. Everything that appears before us carries with it a second, deeper question: where does it come from? Who produced it? When was it created? Does it still exist in its original form? Has it been altered, cut, reconstructed, generated, removed, republished? The problem is no longer only to look. The problem is to verify.

In a present where everything can be produced, shared, and forgotten in real time, memory is no longer automatic. It does not correspond to the quantity of content available. The fact that something is online does not mean that it is still accessible, intact, or contextualised. Our age continuously produces documents, but continuously loses context. This is why the archive becomes central again. Not as a sentimental accumulation of what has been, but as a form of care for what is happening.

To archive means to hold on to a trace before it disappears. It means allowing the future to go back, to look again, to compare, to understand what has changed, what was actually said, what was forgotten, and what, perhaps, was rewritten. The archive is no longer only memory. It is evidence. It is the possibility of saying: this happened, at this moment, in this context. Within this necessity, the story of Marion Stokes stops appearing as an anomaly and begins to look like a premonition.

Marion Stokes was an activist, a librarian, a woman deeply aware of the power of media. She had worked in television and had observed closely the way public images construct the perception of reality. She knew that a news story does not simply inform. It can orient, reduce, distort. It can decide what enters collective memory and what remains outside it.

In 1979, during the Iran hostage crisis and at the dawn of the twenty-four-hour news cycle, she began recording television. She never stopped. For more than thirty years, she recorded every day, almost without interruption, until she died in 2012. Her gesture was simple and radical: pressing record. But behind that gesture there was a precise structure. Videocassette recorders running continuously. VHS and Betamax tapes bought, changed, labelled, stored. Different channels recorded at the same time. News broadcasts, talk shows, advertisements, interruptions, mistakes, wars, elections, disasters, minor programmes.

She did not record only the major events. She recorded what surrounded the events. The noise of time. The way an era spoke about itself before it even knew it had become history. In the end, her archive came to contain 71,716 videotapes, later entrusted to the Internet Archive for digitisation. An enormous quantity of images, voices, statements, advertisements, news, versions of the world. A present held day after day, tape after tape, before it could dissolve.

What may have seemed like an obsessive gesture now appears as a radical form of attention. Marion Stokes was not recording out of nostalgia. She was recording because she understood that the present, without a trace, becomes vulnerable. Vulnerable to loss, to forgetting, to manipulation, to the next version. Her intuition was not only to preserve the past. It was to make future verification possible. To give someone, one day, the chance to go back and see not only what happened, but how it was narrated while it was happening. This is why Marion Stokes speaks so clearly to our present.

Before artificial intelligence, before deepfakes, before screenshots, before the cloud, before every image could be generated and every voice imitated, she had already understood something that now concerns all of us: reality, to be believed tomorrow, needs to leave a trace today.

Photo credits: Scenes from the documentary “Recorder: The Mario Strokes Project” directed by Matt Wolf